解读人类的赌性从何而来？

Where does human gambling come from?

赌博起源的具体时间，迄今在史学界仍是众说纷纭。可以肯定地说，当人类的功利意识开始萌动的时候，赌博也就应运而生。

The exact time of the origin of gambling is still divided in historians. It can be said with certainty that when human utilitarian consciousness began to sprout, gambling also came into being.

赌性乃人之天性，与生俱来，难以束缚，它来源于人们与生俱来的预测瘾。当摆出一组事物，无论是数字、颜色、形状、字母或面孔，即使被告知这是随机排列的，大多数的人也不会相信，他们仍坚持认为自己可以预测这个系列的下一个会是什么。大约早在四万年前，人类便有了这种“碰运气”的习惯，比如占卜。史前文明中的各个文明古国都大量运用“抓签”的筮卜方式来判断凶吉，包括一些重大战事的结果均通过卜卦来预测。

Gambling is human nature, innate and difficult to restrain. It comes from people’s innate addiction to prediction. When presenting a set of things, whether it is numbers, colors, shapes, letters or faces, even if they are told that they are arranged randomly, most people will not believe them. They still insist that they can predict the next in the series. What will it be. As early as 40,000 years ago, humans had this habit of "taking luck", such as divination. The ancient civilizations in the prehistoric civilizations used the method of "grabbing lotus" to judge bad luck, including the results of some major wars, which were predicted by divination.

古今中外最流行的赌博，大都是赠运气，如掷骰子、“四门” 方宝，现代社会的彩票也属于这类赌博游戏。这种听天由命式的赌博活动之所以能够大众化的原因很简单，它体现了一种“天意”公允和权威，这似乎与古人信奉天道的原始意识与宗教观念有关。电子游戏破解

The most popular gambling at home and abroad in ancient and modern times is mostly luck, such as craps and "four-door" Fang Bao. Lottery games in modern society also belong to this type of gambling game. The reason why this resignation-style gambling activity can be popularized is simple. It embodies a kind of fairness and authority of the “will of heaven”.Gambing Hack

西方人相信上帝，中国古人信奉“上天”，他们都被看做是主持公道的“神”。一切都由“上帝”、“老天”来决定一这种遵从天 意选择安排的思想与赌博程序有些相似。古代的游牧民族和农耕部落，最初都采用“抽签”这- -手段来公正有效地处理公社事务，如分派任务、分配食物和解决争端等等(这也是著卦最早来源，“著” 也作“意"，后专指验证凶吉的行巫工具)。这种“抽签”仪式与赌博并没有太大的直接关系，其主要目的在于避免人为意志和私心作弊带给部落内部分歧，体现了种公平。

Westerners believed in God, and ancient Chinese believed in "God", and they were all regarded as "gods" who presided over justice. -Everything is decided by "God" and "God". This idea of obeying God's choice and arrangement is somewhat similar to the gambling procedure. The ancient nomads and farming tribes initially used "lottery" to handle communal affairs fairly and effectively, such as assigning tasks, distributing food, and resolving disputes. "Yi", later specifically refers to a tool for witchcraft to verify bad luck). This kind of "lottery" ceremony is not directly related to gambling, and its main purpose is to avoid the internal differences of the tribe caused by artificial will and selfish cheating, which reflects a kind of fairness.

用抽签来分配任务、劳动果实和解决争端在古代极为普遍，这种类似赌博的活动对人类文明社会产生了巨大的影响:如中国古代曾经的“碰头会”通常是“抽签会”，用抽签的方式将那些吃苦费力的农活分配出去，从而避免了分歧与争吵，又体现了公平，那些抽了倒霉签的人们顶多骂天怨地和自认晦气。社会文明通过这一方式在一定程度上避免了暴力事件的发生。

The use of lottery to allocate tasks, fruits of labor, and resolve disputes was extremely common in ancient times. This kind of gambling-like activity had a huge impact on human civilization and society: For example, the "meeting meetings" in ancient China were usually "lottery meetings". The method distributes those laborious farming work, thus avoiding disagreements and quarrels, and reflecting fairness. Those who draw bad luck at best can be swearing and confessing bad luck. In this way, social civilization avoids the occurrence of violent incidents to a certain extent.

当然，抽签还使人产生了更强烈的神秘意识与吉凶联想。古人把抽签发展成一种专门的巫术，并把它作为宗教、政治、经济、医术和生活的手段，因为抽签过程验证了某种神秘力量的存在。如原始社会的人们在进行猎物分配时，就通过抽签的形式来使大家心服口服。当然，猎物的质量和数量绝不会相等的，人们心服之外不排除天意运气作祟，由此形成了神秘的吉凶意识。占卦的手段与传统赌博手段在本质上完全-一致， 这仅仅是程序，关键在于最终取决于“偶然性”的神秘结果。这种偶然性在古人看来是神秘莫测的，坚信卦象是上天的选择安排。

Of course, the drawing of lots also creates a stronger sense of mystery and associations between good and bad. The ancients developed the lottery into a special witchcraft and used it as a means of religion, politics, economy, medicine and life, because the lottery process verified the existence of a certain mysterious power. For example, when people in primitive society distribute their prey, they draw lots to convince everyone. Of course, the quality and quantity of the prey will never be equal, and people are convinced that it is not ruled out that God's luck is at work, thus forming a mysterious consciousness of good and bad. The method of fortune-telling is exactly the same as the traditional gambling method in essence. This is just a procedure, and the key lies in the mysterious result that ultimately depends on "contingency". This kind of contingency is mysterious to the ancients, and they firmly believe that the hexagram image is the heaven's choice and arrangement.

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